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CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19788223     EISSN : 26215748     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mataram yang memuat tulisan berupa hasil penelitian yang terkait dengan bidang budidaya tanaman, terbit enam bulan sekali. Redaksi menerima naskah dalam bahasa Indonesia atau Inggris.
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ZUJI KEMEMPANAN BEBERAPA JENIS HERBISIDA TERHADAP GULMA PADA TANAMAN KACANG TANAH DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN AKTIVITAS BAKTERI RHIZOBIUM DI DALAM TANAH I Ketut Ngawit V.F. Aris Budianto
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 4 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Crop Agro Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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ABSTRAK Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui kemempenan herbisida Alakhlor, 2,4-D Amine, Oxsadiozon dan Gliphosat mematikan gulma pada tanaman kacang tanah dan dampak residunya terhadap pertumbuhan dan aktivitas bakteri rhizobium di dalam tanah. Keseluruhan kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan sejak bulan Desember 2009 s/d Mei 2010, menggunakan metode ekperimen. Percobaan dirancang dengan rancangan acak kelompok, dengan empat perlakuan herbisida dan satu perlakuan gulmanya tidak dikendalikan sebagai pembanding dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang dalam tiga kelompok (blok). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua jenis herbisida yang diuji sangat mempan terhadap gulma berdaun lebar, terhadap jenis gulma rumput-rumputan dan teki herbisida Alakhlor dan Gliphosat tergolong mempan. Herbisida 2,4-D Amine dan Oxadiozon cukup mempan terhadap gulma rumput-rumputan akan tetapi kurang mempan terhadap gulma teki. Herbisida Alakhlor dan 2,4-D Amine residunya berdampak positif, karena pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah, pertumbuhan dan aktivitas bakteri rhizibium lebih baik, dengan intensitas keracunan tanaman lebih rendah, sehingga hasil kacang tanah yang diperoeh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Herbisida Gliphosat ternyata residunya berdampak negatif, yaitu menyebabkan intensitas keracunan tanaman lebih tinggi dan pertumbuhan serta aktivitas bakteri Rhizobium lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Herbisida Oxadiozon tidak menimbulkan dampak terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah dan aktivitas serta pertumbuhan bakteri Rhizobium di dalam tanah. ABSTRACT This research was aimed to examine effectivenes of some herbicide i.e. Alakhlor, 2,4-D Amine, Oxsadiozon and Gliphosat to killed the weeds on groundnut crops and residue inpacted to the growth and activity of Rhyzobium bacteria in the soils. The entire experiment carried out from December 2009 to may 2010, was used experiment method. The experiment was designed according to the Randomized Completely Block Design was consisted of four herbicide treatments and one treatment without herbicide or treatment did not using controlling of weeds as control and each treatments was three replicated. The results showed that the four kinds of herbicide was tested, appear the most effective to the leaves weeds and than Alakhlor and Gliphosat herbicide was significantly higher effective than that 2,4-D Amine to the kinds of graminiae weeds and cyperaceae weeds, both Oxadiozon is not effective. Residue of Alakhlor and 2,4-D Amine herbicide make float to the surface positive inpact, that to cause the growth of groundnut, growth and activity of Rhyzobium bacteria heiger than some treatments both the intensity of toxicity on groundnut lover than treatment without herbicide, so that by treatment of this is obtained the produce of groundnut heiger than some of treatments. Residue of Gliphosat to appear make float to the negative inpact, that to cause the intensity of toxicity on groundnut growth and activity of Rhyzobium bacteria lover than some of treatments. Oxadiozon herbicide did not make float inpact to the growth of groundnut, activity and growth of Rhyzobium bacteria in the soils.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS BEBERAPA JENIS JAMUR ENDOFIT Trichoderma spp. ISOLAT LOKAL NTB TERHADAP JAMUR Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUSUK BATANG PADA BIBIT VANILI I Made Sudantha 1) dan Abdul Latief Abad 2)
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 4 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Crop Agro Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas jamur endofit Trichoderma sp. isolat lokal NTB dalam mengendalikan jamur F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae pada bibit vanili baik secara in-vitro maupun in-situ. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan percobaan yang dilaksanakan di laboratorium dan rumah plastik. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima ulangan. Sebagai perlakuan adalah jamur endofit Trichoderma spp. isolat lokal NTB yang diuji antagonismenya terhadap jamur F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae yang terdiri atas lima aras, yaitu: isolat ENDO-01 (T. viride), isolat ENDO-02 (T. koningii), isolat ENDO-03 (T. longibrachiatum), isolat ENDO-04 (T. polysporum), dan isolat ENDO-05 (T. pseudokoningii). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara in-vitro kelima jamur endofit Trichderma spp. isolat lokal NTB yang diuji efektif mengendalikan jamur F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae melalui mekanisme kompetisi ruang, mikoparasit dan antibiosis. Secara in-situ ada tiga isolat jamur endofit Trichoderma spp. menyebabkan bibit vanili tidak terinfeksi penyakit busuk batang yaitu isolat ENDO-02 (T. koningii), isolat ENDO-04 (T. polysporum), dan isolat ENDO-05 (T. pseudokoningii), sedang dua isolat lainnya yaitu isolat ENDO-01 (T. viride) dan isolat ENDO-03 (T. longibrachiatum) belum mampu menghambat penyakit busuk batang pada bibit vanili. ABSTRACT The study aims to determine the effectiveness of Endophytic fungus Trichoderma spp. NTB local isolates in controlling fungus F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae the vanilla cuttings both in vitro and in-situ. Research using experimental methods with experiments conducted in the laboratory and plastic house. Experiments using Completely Randomized Design with five replications. As the treatment is Endophytic fungi Trichoderma spp. NTB local isolates tested antagonism against fungi F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae of five replications, namely: isolates ENDO-01 (T. viride), ENDO-02 isolates (T. koningii), ENDO-03 isolates (T. longibrachiatum), ENDO-04 isolates (T. polysporum), and isolates ENDO-05 (T. pseudokoningii). The results showed that the in-vitro fifth Trichderma spp. Endophytic fungi NTB local isolates that tested effective control of the fungus F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae through space competition mechanism, mycoparasite and antibiosis. The in-situ three isolates Endophytic fungi Trichoderma spp. namely isolates ENDO-02 (T. koningii), ENDO-04 isolates (T. polysporum), and isolates ENDO-05 (T. pseudokoningii) do not cause stem rot disease on vanilla cuttings, while two other isolates namely isolate ENDO-01 (T. viride) and isolates ENDO-03 (T. longibrachiatum) have not been able to prevent stem rot disease in vanilla cuttings.
PERKECAMBAHAN BIJI JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) Bambang B. Santoso
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 4 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Crop Agro Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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Abstrak Awal dari pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bibit tanaman jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) adalah proses perkecambahan yang harus berlangsung dengan baik agar diperoleh bibit tanaman yang berkualitas baik. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses perkecambahan dan pengaruh posisi benih saat tanam terhadap viabilitas benih. Percobaan dirancang menurut Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa perkecambahan pada biji jarak pagar merupakan tipe epigeal yang melibatkan fase imbibisi, fase munculnya radikel, fase bintang, fase pancing dan fase mekarnya daun biji (kotiledon). Pengaturan posisi benih saat penanaman tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase atau daya berkecambah biji, namun berpengaruh nyata terhadap kecepatan berkecambah dan vigoritas semai. Posisi biji telungkup, posisi biji dengan mikropil di bawah maupun posisi miring merupakan posisi yang baik bagi terjadinya perkecambahan dengan kecepatan berkecambah dan semai vigor yang tinggi. Abstract Seed germination is the early phases of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) seedling growth and development, and should be complete in good condition. In this study, research was conducted to know the germination processes and the effect of seed position at time of sowing to seed viability. The experiment was designed on Completely Random Design with threes replication.The result showed that type of seed germination of physic nut seeds is ephygeal type and consist with 5 phases were imbibition, early growth of radicle, star phase, bend (curved) phase, and phase of seed leaf (cotyledone) flush. Seed position at time of seed sowing no affected to percentage of germination, however affected to germination rate and seedling vigourity. Face-down position, seed with microphile/caruncle at below and side position were better position for seed germination with high rate of germination and seedling vigourity.
KEMAJUAN SELEKSI MASSA PADA JAGUNG KULTIVAR LOKAL KEBO SETELAH SATU SIKLUS SELEKSI DALAM PERTANAMAN TUMPANGSARI DENGAN KACANG TANAH Idris dan Uyek Malik Yakop; Nihla Farida
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 4 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Crop Agro Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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ABSTRAK Seleksi massa merupakan metode seleksi yang paling sederhana karena hanya berdasarkan penampilan fenotipenya saja dan tiap siklus seleksi hanya membutuhkan satu kali musim tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kemajuan seleksi dalam rangka pembentukan varieats jagung yang cocok untuk tumpangsari.. Penelitian ini berlangsung dalam dua tahap yaitu tahap seleksi dan uji hasil seleksi. Tahap pertama adalah seleksi dengan menggunakan metode seleksi massa tanpa pengendalian penyerbukan dengan kriteria seleksi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan panjang tongkol. Tahap kedua adalah evaluasi hasil seleksi. Data yang diamati meliputi umur keluarnya bunga jantan, umur keluarnya bunga betina, jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, sudut daun, diamter batang, umur panen, panjang tongkol, diamter tongkol, berat 100 butir biji dan berat biji pipilan kering per tongkol. Data dianalisis dengan uji t0.05 guna mengetahui kemajuan seleksi yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat kemajuan seleksi yang nyata pada delapan sifat dari sebelas sifat yang diamati. Sifat-sifat yang mengalami kemajuan seleksi adalah umur keluarnya bunga jantan, jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, ukuran sudut daun, diameter batang, umur panen, panjang tongkol dan berat 100 butir biji. Berat biji pipil kering per tongkol sebagai indikator utama belum menunjukkan perubahan yang nyata. ABSTRACT A mass selection is the most simple selection method because the selection is applied based only on phenotype appearance and in first selection cycle needs only once planting season. This experiment aimed to identify the selection progress in order to develop corn variety that suitable to be intercropped with peanut. The experiment was coducted in two stages namely : the main selection and testing the result of the selection. In the first stage, a mass selection was conducted without controlling pollination with plant height, leas number, and ear length as the selection criteria. The next stage was done to evaluate the first result. The parameters evaluated included the emerging anther and stigma, leaf numbers, plant height, leaf angle, stem diameter, age of the plant, ear length, ear diameter, 100 grain weight, and weight of grain per ear. Data were analized using t0.05 to identify the selection progress. The result showed that there was a significant progress in selection on eight characters of eleven characters evaluated. These were the emerging anther, leaf numbers, plant height, leaf angle position, stem diameter, age of the plant, ear length, and 100 grain weight. The weight of grain per ear as the main indicator of the progress has not significantly improved.
PENGARUH MEDIA TUMBUH DAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L.) Rukmini Kusmarwiyah; Sri Erni
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 4 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Crop Agro Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis media tumbuh dan pupuk organik cair yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman seledri. Percobaan dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial. Media yang digunakan adalah media campuran antara tanah, pupuk kandang sapi dan pasir (1 : 1 : 1), tanah dan arang sekam (1 : 1), tanah dan kompos (1 : 1), tanah dan serbuk gergaji (1 : 1), dan pupuk organik cair yang digunakan yaitu Agronik Super, Biofert CR dan Emvilon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk organik cair dan interaksinya dengan media tumbuh tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman seledri. Penggunaan media tumbuh yang berbeda memberikan laju pertambahan dan hasil yang berbeda. Media tumbuh campuran antara tanah, pupuk kandang sapi dan pasir memberikan laju pertambahan dan hasil yang tertinggi, diikuti oleh media tanah dan arang sekam. ABSTRACT The objectives of the research were to find out growing media and liquid organic fertilizer to improve the yield of celery. The experiment was arranged using Completely Randomized Design with factorial design. Growing media used were the mixture of soil, manure and sand; soil and husk charcoal; soil and compost, soil and sawdust. Liquid organic fertilizers used were Agronik Super, Biofert CR and Emvilon. The result showed that liquid organic fertilizer treatment and its interaction with growing media did not affect on the growth rate and yield of celery. Different growing media showed different of the growth rate and yield of celery. Media mixture of soil, manure and sand gave the highest growth rate and yield of celery, followed by media soil and husk charcoal.
PENGUJIAN KADAR ANTOSIANIN PADI GOGO BERAS MERAH HASIL KOLEKSI PLASMA NUTFAH SULAWESI TENGGARA Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini; Gusti R. Sadimantara; Teguh Wijayanto dan Muhidin1
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 4 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Crop Agro Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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ABSTRAK Antosianin adalah senyawa fenolik yang bertindak sebagai antioksidan, dibutuhkan untuk tanaman itu sendiri dan nutrisi penting bagi kesehatan manusia. Pigmen antosianin menyebabkan warna merah atau biru, dan bahkan berwarna hitam ketika antosianin kandungan tinggi. Warna biru merah atau gelap terjadi tidak hanya pada pericarp dan tegmen, tetapi juga pada seluruh bagian padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan antosianin pada padi gogo beras merah lokal Sulawesi Tenggara. Semua genotipe padi gogo yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dari beberapa daerah sentra penanaman padi di Sulawesi Tenggara. Analisis kandungan antosianin beras dihitung berdasarkan metode Shi et al., (1992). Analisis dilakukan di Laboratorium Analisis Pangan Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Bali. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sembilan genotipe ("Paebiu Tamalaki, Paebiu Kolopua, Pae Tanta Mohalo, Paebiu Tamalaki Mataiwoi, Paebiu Sitoro, Paebiu Tamalaki Pewutaa, Paebiu Kolopua Kosebu, Ranggo Hitam, dan Hitam Lapodidi") memiliki kandungan antosianin tinggi, satu genotipe ("Ereke-1") memiliki kandungan antosianin sedang dan dua belas genotipe memiliki kandungan antosianin rendah. ABSTRACT Anthocyanin is a phenolic compound acting as an antioxidant that is necessary for plant itself and is important for human’s health. Anthocyanin pigment causes a red or blue colour, and even black when it is in a high content. Red or dark blue colour occurs not only on pericarp and tegmen, but also on all parts of paddy rice. This research was aimed to determine the variability of anthocyanin content on red up-land rice of Southeast Sulawesi. All up-land rice genotypes used in this research were collected from several up-land rice growing areas in Southeast Sulawesi. The rice kernels were analysed for their anthocyanin content based on the method of Shi et al., (1992). The analysis was conducted in the Food Analysis Laboratory of Agricultural Technology Faculty, University of Udayana, Bali. Analysis results showed that red rice of nine genotypes (“Paebiu Tamalaki, Paebiu Kolopua, Pae Tanta Mohalo, Paebiu Tamalaki Mataiwoi, Paebiu Sitoro, Paebiu Tamalaki Pewutaa, Paebiu Kolopua Kosebu, Ranggo Hitam, and Hitam Lapodidi”) had high anthocyanin content, one genotype (“Ereke-1”) had medium anthocyanin content and twelve genotypes had low anthocyanin content.
KAJIAN KEMAJUAN SELEKSI MASSA SECARA INDEPENDENT CULLING LEVEL HINGGA SIKLUS KEDUA PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG Sudika .; Idris dan Erna Listiana
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 4 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Crop Agro Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kemajuan seleksi massa yang dilakukan secara independent culling level dengan dua cara terhadap umur panen, daya hasil dan berangkasan segar. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap kelompok dengan 4 kali ulangan. Perlakuannya sebanyak 6 populasi, yaitu P0, P1.1, P1.2, P2.1, P2.2 dan varietas unggul Sukmaraga. Data percobaan dianalisis dengan sidik ragam pada taraf nyata 5 persen. Kemajuan seleksi diperoleh dari koefisien regresi linear antara sifat yang diamati dengan siklus seleksi. Pengujian rerata menggunakan uji lanjut BNT0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemajuan seleksi massa secara independent culling level per siklus sifat umur panen cara I sebesar -1,775 hari dan cara II, -2,250 hari; keduanya bersifat linear nyata. Kemajuan seleksi sifat hasil (berat biji kering pipil per plot) cara I, 0,544 kg dan cara II, 0,711 kg; keduanya bersifat linear tidak nyata; sedangkan untuk sifat berat berangkasan segar cara I sebesar 26,112 g dan cara II, 28,962 g per tanaman dan keduanya juga bersifat linear tidak nyata. Rerata umur panen hasil seleksi siklus kedua cara I (77,70 hari) dan cara II (76,75 hari) lebih genjah dibandingkan dengan umur panen populasi awal dan varietas unggul Sukmaraga; sedangkan sifat lainnya belum berubah. ABSTRACT The objectives of research were to determine the advance of mass selection conducted through independent culling level with two manners to maturity date, yield and greenfresh manure. Design used in this research was randomized completely block design with 4 replications. The treatment consisted of 6 populations, i.e. P0, P1.1, P1.2, P2.1, P2.2, and superior variety Sukmaraga. The observed data was analyzed using analysis of variance on 5% significant level. Selection advance was gained through linear regression coefficient between observed traits and selection cycles. Test of mean used Least significant Different (LSD) 5%. The result of this research showed that advance of mass selection through independent culling level per cycle of maturity date manner I was -1.775 days and manner II was -2.250 days. Both of them were significantly linear. Selection advance of yield (dry seed weight per plot) manner I was 0.544 kg and manner II was 0.711 kg, both of them was not significantly linear; while for weight of green manure manner I was 26.112 g and manner II was 28.962 g per plant and both of them was not significantly linear. Mean of maturity date of second cycle manner I (77.70 days) and manner II (76.75 days) was shorter than first population and superior variety Sukmaraga; while other traits was not change.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) DI MEDIA VERTISOL DAN ENTISOL PADA BERBAGAI TEKNIK PENGATURAN AIR DAN JENIS PUPUK Cepy *1; Wayan Wangiyana
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 4 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Crop Agro Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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Penelitian ditujukan untuk menentukan apakah aplikasi pupuk organik berupa Bokashi pupuk kandang sapi pada teknik budidaya padi hemat air (Gogo rancah dan SRI) memberikan dampak positif terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) varietas Ciherang pada dua jenis tanah, dibandingkan dengan teknik budidaya padi secara konvensional. Dari hasil percobaan pot dalam rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mataram, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pertumbuhan tanaman padi tidak berbeda nyata antara aplikasi pupuk organik (30 t/ha) dan pupuk anorganik, tetapi komponen hasil (jumlah anakan produktif, jumlah gabah berisi, berat 100 gabah dan hasil gabah kering panen) masih lebih tinggi pada pemupukan anorganik. Demikian pula pengaruh teknik pengaturan air, teknik penggenangan secara konvensional memberikan hasil gabah tertinggi dibandingkan dengan Gogo rancah dan SRI. Namun demikian, ada interaksi antara teknik pengaturan air dan jenis tanah, di mana di tanah entisol, jumlah anakan produktif sedikit lebih tinggi pada sistem Gogo rancah daripada konvensional. Jika dikaitkan dengan jenis pupuk, pada teknik konvensional di tanah entisol, hasil gabah tidak berbeda nyata antara aplikasi pupuk organik dan anorganik. Karena sifat “slow release” pupuk organik, perlu dilakukan penelitian jangka panjang dalam usaha transformasi dari sistem anorganik menjadi organik, terutama pada teknik budidaya padi hemat air (Gogo rancah dan SRI). ABSTRACT This research was aimed to examine if application of organic fertilizer in the form of EM-4 fermented cattle manure (Bokashi) on water thrifty techniques of growing rice (“Gogo rancah” and SRI) gives positive impacts on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) var. Ciherang on two types of soil, compared with the conventional technique. Based on the results obtained from a pot experiment conducted in the glasshouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mataram University, it was concluded that growth or rice plants was not significantly different between application of organic (30 t/ha) and inorganic fertilizers, but its yield components (number of productive tillers, filled grains, weight of 100 seeds, and grain yield) were still higher on inorganic fertilization. So did the effect of water management technique, in which the conventional (flooding) technique resulted in the highest grain yield compared with “Gogo rancah” and SRI techniques. However, there were interaction effects between water management technique and soil type, in which number of productive tillers was slightly higher on “Gogo rancah” than the conventional technique. When related to fertilizer types, in the conventional technique, grain yield was not significantly different between organic and inorganic fertilization on entisol. Due to the “slow release” nature of organic fertilizer, a more long-term research needs to be conducted in an effort to convert from inorganic to organic system, especially on water thrifty techniques of growing rice (“Gogo rancah” and SRI).
UJI DAYA HASIL BEBERAPA GALUR MUTAN KACANG TANAH HASIL IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA A. Farid Hemon; Sumarjan .
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 4 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Crop Agro Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui daya hasil beberapa galur mutan kacang tanah hasil iradiasi sinar Gamma yang ditanam di lahan sawah. Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah menghasilkan generasi M2 berupa galur kacang tanah yang masih sangat heterogen terutama pada sifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Galur-galur generasi M2 ini perlu diseleksi lanjut pada generasi M3yang ditanam dilahan sawah. Tahapan kegiatan penelitian yaitu : a) Biji mutan generasi M2 ditanam dalam baris famili di lahan sawah (kondisi optimum). b)Tanaman galur mutan generasi M3 diseleksi untuk mendapatkan galur mutan terbaik. Famili terbaik selanjutnya dipanen dan dibulk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Terdapat genotipe kacang tanah generasi M3 yang berdaya hasil tinggi pada lahan sawah. Genotipe kacang tanah hasil iradiasi sinar Gamma menghasilkan berat kering polong berkisar antara 10,6 sampai 15,0 g per tanaman sampel dan jumlah polong berkisar 10,0 sampai 15,0 polong per tanaman sampel; dan 2) Dosis sinar Gamma 150 Gy, 200 Gy dan 250 Gy menghasilkan berat kering polong terberat pada penanaman di lahan sawah yaitu berturut-turut 13,8 g, 13,7 g, dan 13,7 g per tanaman sampel. Dosis sinar Gamma 100 Gy, 150 Gy, 200 Gy dan 250 Gy menghasilkan jumlah polong terbanyak yaitu berturut-turut 12,6, 12,5, 12,6 dan 12,6 polong per tanaman sampel. ABSTRACT This research was to know yield potential of peanut mutan cultivars generated from Gamma rays. Ealier experiment has produced peanut genotype mutans of M2 generation. They had heterogenous qualitative and quantitative traits. These genotypes of M2 generation need to be over selected (M3 generation) in sawah (irrigated system) for M3 generation. Experiment procedures were 1) Mutan seeds of M2 generation were planted in family rows in sawah, 2) Individual mutan plant M3 generation was selected to get the best individual mutan from sawah plantation. The best families were harvested and bulked. Result of experiment showed that 1) There were genotypes of M3 generation having high yielding in sawah plantation. Peanut genotype generated Gamma rays produced dried pod weight between 10.6 – 15.0 g per plant sample and pod number between 10.0 – 15 pods per plant sample; and 2) Dose of Gamma rays 150 Gy, 200 Gy and 250 Gy produced weightest dried pod in sawah plantation, respectively 13,8 g, 13,7 g, and 13,7 g per sample plant. Dose of Gamma rays 100 Gy, 150 Gy, 200 Gy and 250 Gy produced highest pod number, respectively 12,6, 12,5, 12,6 and 12,6 pods per plant sample.
KERAGAAN BIBIT TANAMAN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) GENOTIPE NUSA TENGGARA BARAT HASIL SELEKSI MASSA SIKLUS PERTAMA (IP-1) DAN SIKLUS KEDUA (IP-2) Aris Budianto dan Bambang B. Santoso
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 4 No 2 (2011): Jurnal Crop Agro Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Untuk mendukung pengembangan tanaman Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) dalam rangka pemenuhan kebutuhan Bahan Bakar Minyak, diperlukan bahan tanaman yang unggul. Melalui seleksi massa terhadap populasi jarak pagar genotipe NTB (genotipe Lombok Barat, Lombok Tengah, Lombok Timur, Sumbawa, dan Bima) telah dihasilkan individu-individu superior berupa Improved Population (IP-1 NTB dan IP-2 NTB). Terdapat kemajuan seleksi pada karakter agronomis bibit pada IP-1 dan IP-2 yang ditandai dengan semakin baiknya pertumbuhan bibit. Peningkatan kemajuan genetik terjadi lebih tinggi pada genotipe Lombok Barat, Sumbawa, dan Bima dibandingkan genotipe Lombok Tengah dan Lombok Timur. ABSTRACT To successful the Jatropha curcas L. development for fullfilment of fuel need, the superior plant material is needed. Throughout mass selection of base population of Jatropha curcas L. of NTB genotypes e.g. Lombok Barat, Lombok Tengah, Lombok Timur, Sumbawa and Bima, were found Improved Population (IP-1 NTB) and IP-2 NTB. Then, seedling experiment was conducted during September–November 2011. The research indicated that the selection progress on the seedling characteristics were found in IP-1 and IP-2 population as seedling growth of those two improved populations better than P0. The selection progress was found better of Lombok Barat, Sumbawa, and Bima genotypes than Lombok Tengah and Lombok Timur genotypes.

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